Engraving machine spindle is a kind of motorized spindle that can be processed at high speed. It is widely used in some small and medium-sized engraving machine equipment. It can be mainly used for high-speed engraving, drilling and milling, drilling and so on. Engraving machine spindle is a relatively formal name in this industry. Because of local differences, it may be called differently. In some places, it is referred to as high-speed spindle, in some places, it is referred to as engraving machine spindle, in some places, it is referred to as engraving electromechanical spindle, etc.

数控雕刻机一般都会配备一个高性能的主轴，才能发挥出他的作用。主轴工作时高速旋转会产生大量热量，如果这些热量不及时散掉，会对主轴的使用寿命产生很大影响，严重时会烧毁主轴。

CNC engraving machines are generally equipped with a high-performance spindle in order to play its role. When the spindle works, high-speed rotation will produce a lot of heat. If these heat is not dissipated in time, it will have a great impact on the service life of the spindle, and the spindle will be burned in serious cases.

主轴主要有两种散热方式：水冷和风冷。那么问题来了，如何选择雕刻机主轴要点，怎么判断数控雕刻机是否适用主轴？接下来就跟着小编一起来看看吧！

There are two main heat dissipation modes for the spindle: water cooling and air cooling. So the question is, how to select the main points of the engraving machine spindle and how to judge whether the NC engraving machine is suitable for the spindle? Next, follow Xiaobian to have a look!

一、判断主轴是否合格的标准

1、 Criteria for judging whether the spindle is qualified

1、该主轴电机是否采用高精度轴承，如果不采用高精度轴承，表现是主轴电机长时间高速旋转后过热，影响主轴电机的使用寿命。

1. Whether the spindle motor adopts high-precision bearing, if not, the performance is that the spindle motor overheats after long-term high-speed rotation, affecting the service life of the spindle motor.

2、不同速度旋转，尤其是高速旋转，声音是否均匀和谐。

2. Whether the sound is uniform and harmonious when rotating at different speeds, especially at high speed.

3、主轴径向是否受力。主要参考是能否高速切割质地较硬的材料。有些主轴只能在很低的速度下切割较硬的材料，否则主轴表现会严重丢转，一段时间后影响主轴精度，甚出现故障。

3. Whether the spindle is under radial force. The main reference is whether we can cut hard materials at high speed. Some spindles can only cut hard materials at a very low speed, otherwise the spindle performance will be seriously lost, which will affect the spindle accuracy and even fail after a period of time.

4、如果要追求加工效率高，加工时既要速度快，同时吃刀量又大，如加工实木材料等，就需要2.2KW以上功率的主轴电机。

4. If we want to pursue high processing efficiency, we should not only process fast, but also eat a large amount of knives, such as processing solid wood materials, we need a spindle motor with a power of more than 2.2kW.

5、雕刻设备的主轴标准配置根据设备的规格不同有不同的配置。

5. The spindle standard configuration of engraving equipment has different configurations according to the specifications of the equipment.

二、根据不同用户选择合适的雕刻机主轴

2、 Select the appropriate engraving machine spindle according to different users

1、广告雕刻机：雕刻对象为比较软的材质所以广告雕刻机的主轴功率在1.5kw—3.0kw以内就可以，这样选择的话既可以达到雕刻目的还能节省成本。

1. Advertising engraving machine: the engraving object is a relatively soft material, so the main shaft power of the advertising engraving machine can be within 1.5kw-3.0kw. In this way, the engraving purpose can be achieved and the cost can be saved.

2、木工雕刻机：木工雕刻机的主轴电机可根据所加工木料的硬度进行选择其功率：一般在2.2kw—4.5kw左右，这种搭配也更为合理。

2. Woodworking engraving machine: the spindle motor of woodworking engraving machine can be selected according to the hardness of the processed wood, and its power is generally about 2.2kw-4.5kw, which is more reasonable.

3、石材雕刻机：厂家用石材雕刻机的主轴功率相对要高一些，一般在4.5kw—7.5kw左右，常用的还是5.5kw主轴电机。

3. Stone engraving machine: the spindle power of the stone engraving machine used by the manufacturer is relatively higher, generally about 4.5kw-7.5kw, and the commonly used spindle motor is 5.5kW.

4、墓碑雕刻机：墓碑雕刻机的主轴功率也要根据所加工的石料硬度进行选择，一般功率在3.0kw—4.5kw即能满足客户需求。

4. Tombstone engraving machine: the spindle power of tombstone engraving machine shall also be selected according to the hardness of the processed stone. Generally, the power is 3.0kw-4.5kw, which can meet the needs of customers.

5、玉石雕刻机：玉石雕刻机由于其床身较小主轴电机的功率一般在2.2kw-3.0kw即可。主轴电机功率太大不仅浪费电能还会增加购机成本，功率太小的话又不能其雕刻功率需求，所以选择适合的主轴电机的功率是相当重要的!

5. Jade carving machine: due to its small bed, the power of main shaft motor of jade carving machine is generally 2.2kw-3.0kw. If the power of spindle motor is too large, it will not only waste electric energy, but also increase the purchase cost. If the power is too small, it can not meet the engraving power demand. Therefore, it is very important to select the appropriate power of spindle motor!

三、雕刻机主轴转速与雕刻材料的关系雕刻材料的硬度越大，主轴的转速就越低，这个其实很好理解，硬度高的材料需要慢慢磨下去，转速太快反而可能导致刀具的损毁。雕刻材料的粘度越大，所用主轴的转速越高，这个主要是针对一些软金属或者人造材料。雕刻机所用刀具的直径也是决定主轴转速的一个很重要的因素。其实用的刀具直径跟加工材料和加工线条都有关系，直径越大的刀具对应的主轴转速就越慢。

3、 The relationship between the spindle speed of engraving machine and engraving materials. The greater the hardness of engraving materials, the lower the spindle speed. In fact, it is easy to understand. Materials with high hardness need to be ground slowly. Too fast speed may lead to the damage of cutting tools. The higher the viscosity of engraving materials, the higher the speed of the spindle used. This is mainly for some soft metals or man-made materials. The diameter of the cutter used in the engraving machine is also a very important factor to determine the spindle speed. In fact, the diameter of the tool used is related to the processing materials and processing lines. The larger the diameter, the slower the spindle speed corresponding to the tool.

确定主轴转速还要根据使用主轴电机的情况。从主轴电机功率曲线中我们可以看出，当主轴转速降低时，电机的输出功率也在降低，如果输出功率低到一定程度，就会影响加工，这样反而对刀具寿命和工件效果更加不好，所以，在确定主轴转速时，要注意保证主轴电机有一定的输出功率。

The determination of spindle speed also depends on the use of spindle motor. From the spindle motor power curve, we can see that when the spindle speed decreases, the output power of the motor also decreases. If the output power is low to a certain extent, it will affect the processing, which will even worse the tool life and workpiece effect. Therefore, when determining the spindle speed, pay attention to ensure that the spindle motor has a certain output power.

四、雕刻机风冷和水冷主轴的区别

4、 Difference between air cooling and water cooling spindle of engraving machine

1、水冷顾名思义就是采用水循环来冷却主轴高速旋转后产生的热量，这样的效果就会很好，因为水经过流通之后的温度(常用测试)不会超过40度;风冷的主轴采用风扇的方式来散热，其效果肯定不如水冷；

1. As the name suggests, water cooling is to use water circulation to cool the heat generated after the high-speed rotation of the main shaft. This effect will be very good, because the temperature of water after circulation (common test) will not exceed 40 degrees; The air-cooled spindle adopts the way of fan to dissipate heat, and its effect is certainly not as good as water cooling;

2、噪音，水冷的主轴基本上没有噪音，但是风冷的主轴则很响；

2. Noise: the water-cooled spindle basically has no noise, but the air-cooled spindle is very noisy;

3、使用寿命，水冷主轴要注意保养、勤换水或者采用工业水冷却机，这样的主轴寿命要比风冷主轴长很多。

3. Service life: pay attention to the maintenance of water-cooled spindle, change water frequently or use industrial water cooler. The service life of such spindle is much longer than that of air-cooled spindle.

4、精度，水冷主轴轴向、径向跳动基本上都是在0.003毫米以下，这是风冷主轴电机(国产)则远远不及。

4. Accuracy, the axial and radial runout of water-cooled spindle are basically below 0.003 mm, which is far less than that of air-cooled spindle motor (domestic).

5、使用方便方面。由于水冷主轴需要接水泵，这样就需要个水桶盛水，需要连接一下水管，尤其在北方寒冷的冬季更容易结冰，可能有的客户会觉得比较麻烦;而风冷主轴就不会有这么多的使用问题。

5. Easy to use. Since the water-cooled spindle needs to be connected to the water pump, a bucket is needed to hold water, and the water pipe needs to be connected. Especially in the cold winter in the north, it is easier to freeze, and some customers may find it troublesome; The air-cooled spindle will not have so many use problems.

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